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Valvular Heart Disease: Difference between revisions
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→= Pathophysiology
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In developing countries, approximately 30 milion cases of rheumatic fever occur annually, in general before the age of 20.<cite>BurgeDeHoratius</cite> Approximately 60% of patients will develop rheumatic heart disease, which becomes clinically evident 1 to 3 decades later.<cite>CarapetisCurrieMathews</cite> Rheumatic heart disease remains the most common cause of valvular heart disease in third world countries. In western countries, rheumatic heart disease is the second most common cause of valvular heart disease | In developing countries, approximately 30 milion cases of rheumatic fever occur annually, in general before the age of 20.<cite>BurgeDeHoratius</cite> Approximately 60% of patients will develop rheumatic heart disease, which becomes clinically evident 1 to 3 decades later.<cite>CarapetisCurrieMathews</cite> Rheumatic heart disease remains the most common cause of valvular heart disease in third world countries. In western countries, rheumatic heart disease is the second most common cause of valvular heart disease | ||
= Pathophysiology = | |||
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Chronic rheumatic valve disease is characterized by chronic, progressive deforming valvular disease. Anatomic lesions combine to varying degrees fibrous, or fibrocalcific distortion of leaflets or cusps, valve commissures and chordae tendineae, with or without annular or papillary muscle deformities. | Chronic rheumatic valve disease is characterized by chronic, progressive deforming valvular disease. Anatomic lesions combine to varying degrees fibrous, or fibrocalcific distortion of leaflets or cusps, valve commissures and chordae tendineae, with or without annular or papillary muscle deformities. | ||
Stenosis results from fibrous leaflet and chordal thickening and commissural and chordal fusion with or without secondary calcification. Fusion of a commisure in an open position can cause regurgitation, as well as scarring induced retraction of chordae and leaflets. | Stenosis results from fibrous leaflet and chordal thickening and commissural and chordal fusion with or without secondary calcification. Fusion of a commisure in an open position can cause regurgitation, as well as scarring induced retraction of chordae and leaflets. | ||
= Aortic valve Stenosis = | = Aortic valve Stenosis = | ||