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Women's Heart Health: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN WOMEN Dr. Janneke Wittekoek/version 1 ==Facts & Figures== ===Epidemiology=== Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in women wor...") |
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CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN WOMEN | CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE IN WOMEN | ||
Dr. Janneke Wittekoek/version 1 | Dr. Janneke Wittekoek/version 1 | ||
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==Risk Factors== | ==Risk Factors== | ||
Risk estimates associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors are overall similar in women and men across various regions of the World. However, the increased risk associated with hypertension and diabetes and the protective effect of exercise and alcohol appear to be larger in women than in men (ref INTERHEART Vaccarino 9). It is also important to make a difference between pre and post menopausal status. Table 1 gives an overview of the global cardiovascular risk factors in women | Risk estimates associated with traditional cardiovascular risk factors are overall similar in women and men across various regions of the World. However, the increased risk associated with hypertension and diabetes and the protective effect of exercise and alcohol appear to be larger in women than in men (ref INTERHEART Vaccarino 9). It is also important to make a difference between pre and post menopausal status. Table 1 gives an overview of the global cardiovascular risk factors in women | ||
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Data form the INTERHEART study shows, that particular in women the combined exposure psychological risk factors such as depression, chronic emotional distress and acute stress such as major live events, are significantly associated with acute myocardial infarction (OR 2.6 in men and 3.5 in women). A stress-induced condition known as “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy” is almost exclusively seen among women. Due to severe emotional stress these women present with symptoms mimicking acute myocardial infarction. Also the ECG and echocardiogram show all the signs of infarction. However the the CAG is often normal with no signs of coronary obstruction. The severe impaired left ventricular function usually normalizes completely after a couple of months. | Data form the INTERHEART study shows, that particular in women the combined exposure psychological risk factors such as depression, chronic emotional distress and acute stress such as major live events, are significantly associated with acute myocardial infarction (OR 2.6 in men and 3.5 in women). A stress-induced condition known as “Takotsubo cardiomyopathy” is almost exclusively seen among women. Due to severe emotional stress these women present with symptoms mimicking acute myocardial infarction. Also the ECG and echocardiogram show all the signs of infarction. However the the CAG is often normal with no signs of coronary obstruction. The severe impaired left ventricular function usually normalizes completely after a couple of months. | ||
== | ==Risk Factor Assessment== | ||
===Which risk factors should be assessed?=== | ===Which risk factors should be assessed?=== | ||
Global cardiovascular risk should be assessed in all women in menopause consulting the physician. | Global cardiovascular risk should be assessed in all women in menopause consulting the physician. | ||